New data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that over half of U.S. states have either “high” or “very high” levels of SARS-CoV-2—the virus that causes COVID-19—in their wastewater. The CDC detected these levels in various states between December 15 and December 21, with 14 states showing “very high” levels, 14 states showing “high” levels, 10 states showing “moderate” levels, and 8 states showing “low” levels. The CDC also noted that national SARS-COV-2 viral activity levels began increasing in late November after a decline since August. Some states like Oregon, Washington, South Dakota, Missouri, and Mississippi have limited coverage in the data, meaning it may not represent viral activity levels for the entire state.
The ongoing presence of high or very high levels of COVID-19 in wastewater is a concerning indication that the virus continues to circulate in communities. This comes nearly five years after the initial COVID-19 pandemic that led to widespread shutdowns and millions of deaths worldwide. With many COVID-19 preventative measures like mask-wearing and remote learning becoming less common, the risk of transmission remains high, especially as virus infections typically rise during the winter months. Along with elevated COVID-19 levels, the CDC also noted rising levels of RSV and Influenza A based on wastewater testing.
The CDC employs wastewater testing as a tool to detect traces of infectious diseases circulating in communities, even when individuals may not have symptoms. This data serves as an early warning sign that infection levels may be increasing or decreasing in a particular area. In addition to monitoring SARS-CoV-2 levels, the CDC also tests for RSV, Influenza A, and Mpox in wastewater. The symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, loss of taste or smell, fatigue, muscle aches, headache, nausea, and diarrhea.
To combat the ongoing spread of COVID-19, the CDC encourages people to stay up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines, practice good hygiene, and take steps to prevent the spread of germs if they are sick. With the increased levels of the virus in wastewater indicating active transmission, it is important for individuals to remain vigilant and take necessary precautions to protect themselves and others. It is crucial for communities to continue monitoring and responding to changing levels of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases to prevent further spread and potential outbreaks.
