Researchers are working to understand how microplastics affect the cardiovascular system and recent studies have shown that polymer types can be found in human blood. A study published in Environmental International analyzed the composition of microplastics in the blood of 20 healthy individuals. They found that most microplastics were white and clear fragments, supporting the idea that microplastics circulate throughout the body and may contribute to cardiovascular problems. Microplastics, synthetic plastic particles ranging between 1 µm and 5 mm in diameter, can enter the bloodstream through ingestion or inhalation and have been found in clogged arteries, indicating potential risks to cardiovascular health. This study aimed to determine the types and sizes of microplastics in blood to better understand their impact on health.
The research team, led by Prof. Jeanette Rotchell and Simon Calaminus from the University of Hull, collected blood samples from 20 university students and compared them to procedural blank samples to account for potential contamination. They analyzed the blood samples using microFTIR microscopy, identifying 24 different polymers in 40% of the participants. The microplastics ranged in size from 7–3000 µm in length and 5–800 µm in width, with most appearing as clear or white fragments. The study authors acknowledged limitations in their research, such as potential sample contamination, incomplete digestion of organic material, and uncertain particle composition based on matching criteria.
Independent scientist Heather Leslie raised questions about the methodology of the study and the possibility of contamination during sample preparation. She suggested that further studies using microFTIR could confirm the results and improve the research methodology over time. Researchers caution that microplastics traveling through the bloodstream may pose health risks, including blood clotting issues, vascular inflammation, immune system changes, and organ accumulation. Understanding where microplastics move in the blood and accumulate in tissues is crucial for assessing health risks associated with microplastic exposure. Environmental health professor Tracey Woodruff emphasized the importance of addressing the potential harm of microplastics, especially given the projected increase in plastic production by 2030.
While the study provides valuable insights into the presence of microplastics in human blood and their potential health risks, further research is needed to fully understand the implications of microplastic exposure. The identification of specific microplastic types and sizes in the bloodstream highlights the need for interventions to reduce plastic pollution and protect public health. Government action may be necessary to address the adverse health effects associated with microplastics, as studies continue to identify potential risks and emphasize the importance of mitigating exposure. As researchers continue to investigate the impact of microplastics on the cardiovascular system and overall health, efforts to reduce plastic pollution and protect human health are essential in addressing this emerging environmental and public health concern.
