New research on aging griffon vultures reveals that they become more set in their ways as they get older, choosing to roost in the same spots with the same individuals. Young vultures, on the other hand, move frequently between sleeping sites in different locations and interact with many friends. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggests that older vultures have fewer but more selective friendships with stronger bonds. They also tend to have a more thorough knowledge of where to find food resources, making them more efficient at locating animal carcasses, which serve as their primary source of food.
Eurasian griffon vultures are large birds found in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and India, with wingspans of up to 9 feet. Finding food sources can be challenging for vultures, as it relies on locating animal carcasses, which are unpredictable and ephemeral. When vultures find a carcass, they tend to sleep nearby, forming roosting sites that serve as information hubs for signaling food sources to others. Through GPS data gathered from 142 individually tagged birds in Israel over a 15-year period, researchers were able to track the movement patterns and social behaviors of the vultures to understand their changes over the course of their lives.
As vultures age, they become more loyal to specific roost sites, with older vultures roosting in the same locations repeatedly. Younger vultures, on the other hand, exhibit more exploratory behavior, rarely spending two nights in the same place. The study shows that vultures transition from being more adventurous in their youth to becoming sedentary in old age. Aging vultures also tend to have weaker social bonds with individuals outside of their close friend group, spending most of their time with these selected companions. Their movements become more routine and predictable as they age, following a set pattern.
The research highlights how aging vultures, like other species, become more faithful to their known sites and routines as they get older. This behavior change with age has rarely been observed in long-lived birds due to the challenges of tracking individuals over extended periods. The findings support the idea that aging animals, including humans, exhibit increased loyalty to familiar sites and routines as they grow older. This knowledge can help researchers understand how animal populations move about their environments and interact with others in their species, leading to better conservation efforts and protection of important roosting sites for griffon vultures.
The study provides new insights into the behavior of aging griffon vultures and how their social interactions and movement patterns change over time. By tracking individual vultures for up to 12 consecutive years, researchers were able to show that these changes in behavior are not solely due to mortality rates but rather a natural progression of aging. Understanding these patterns can help conservationists develop strategies to protect vulture populations and minimize threats such as poisoning. By recognizing the importance of roosting sites and social interactions for vultures, conservation efforts can focus on preserving these resources and reducing risks to their populations.
Overall, the research sheds light on how aging affects the behavior of griffon vultures, with older individuals becoming more set in their ways and forming stronger social bonds with select companions. By studying these changes in movement and social interactions, researchers can gain valuable insights into the lives of wild animals and how they adapt to environmental challenges as they age. This knowledge can inform conservation efforts and help protect vulture populations from threats, ensuring their continued survival in their natural habitats.