Sgt. William H. Carney was the first African American to be awarded the Medal of Honor for his efforts at protecting the American flag during the Civil War. Born into slavery, Carney joined the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment and carried the American flag to Fort Wagner in South Carolina, inspiring his men even when seriously injured. The 54th suffered heavy casualties during the battle, but their valor paved the way for more Black men to enlist in the Union Army.
Despite his act of heroism in 1863, Carney was not awarded the Medal of Honor until May 23, 1900. Born in Norfolk, Virginia, Carney’s father fled slavery on the Underground Railroad and settled in Massachusetts, where Carney received an education. After the onset of the Civil War, he felt compelled to serve his country and joined the 54th Massachusetts Regiment after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued. Carney recovered from his wounds at Fort Wagner and was promoted to sergeant for his bravery.
Following his discharge from the Army in 1864, Carney worked as a letter carrier and frequently spoke about his actions at Fort Wagner. He married and had a daughter, and in 1897, he received a standing ovation at the unveiling of a monument to Col. Robert Gould Shaw. Carney’s memory lives on as a symbol of the valor and bravery of Black Soldiers who served in the Union Army. Upon his death in 1908, the U.S. flag was lowered to half-mast at the Massachusetts State House in his honor.
The Medal of Honor, established by a joint resolution of Congress in July 1862, is the nation’s highest military decoration, bestowed upon individuals who distinguish themselves by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of their lives above and beyond the call of duty. Carney’s actions at Fort Wagner exemplified this bravery, inspiring others to enlist and showcasing African American valor during the Civil War. Despite facing heavy casualties, the 54th Massachusetts Regiment’s courage paved the way for more Black men to join the Union Army.
The Battle of Fort Wagner, depicted in the movie “Glory,” was a pivotal moment in American history, showcasing the heroism of soldiers like Sgt. Carney. As the regiment advanced, they faced intense enemy fire, with Carney risking his life to ensure the American flag never touched the ground. Carney’s actions at Fort Wagner were a culmination of his bravery and dedication to his country, earning him the respect and admiration of his fellow soldiers and the nation as a whole.
Carney’s story is a testament to the resilience and determination of African American soldiers during the Civil War. Despite facing discrimination and adversity, Carney and his comrades fought bravely for their country, leaving a lasting legacy of valor and sacrifice. His courage at Fort Wagner and subsequent recognition with the Medal of Honor stand as a reminder of the sacrifices made by Black soldiers in defense of freedom and equality. Sgt. William H. Carney’s memory lives on as a beacon of hope and inspiration for future generations.
