The American Association for Cancer Research predicts more than 2 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed in the U.S. in 2024, despite a decrease in death rates between 1991 and 2021. 40% of all cancers in the U.S. are associated with modifiable risk factors such as smoking, excess body weight, and excessive alcohol intake. The Cancer Progress Report highlights the importance of early detection and prevention tools in reducing the incidence of cancer, including lifestyle modifications to reduce risk factors.
Excessive alcohol use is identified as a key risk factor, with 5.4% of all cancer cases attributable to alcohol consumption. Public health initiatives focusing on reducing alcohol intake and increasing awareness of the risks associated with alcohol can lead to a decreased risk of developing cancer. While the Mediterranean diet, which includes moderate alcohol consumption, has been shown to be protective against heart disease, excessive alcohol intake is linked to various types of cancers.
Another obstacle to cancer prevention identified in the report is the accessibility of early detection screenings and vaccines for vaccine-preventable cancers like cervical cancer. Early-onset cancers are on the rise, with diagnoses in young adults under 50 years old increasing for colorectal, breast, and other cancers. Experts suggest lifestyle factors such as obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, processed foods, and sedentary behavior may underlie the spike in early-onset cancer cases.
While progress has been made in reducing cancer mortality, experts agree that more work needs to be done. Understanding cancer risk factors and promoting healthier lifestyle choices, as well as improving access to screenings and prevention tools, are essential in the fight against cancer. Advancements in research and treatment have improved survival rates and quality of life for cancer patients, but challenges such as increased incidence in certain populations, like young adults, highlight the need for continued efforts in cancer prevention and treatment.
