Ketogenic diets are being studied for their potential role in cancer prevention, with new research suggesting that the types of fat consumed can impact the effectiveness of a diet associated with a lower risk of cancer. The ketogenic diet aims to trigger ketosis, a metabolic state where the body uses fat for energy instead of glucose. Researchers are investigating the benefits of carbohydrate restriction in managing chronic conditions like cancer. A recent study in mice found that keto diets, regardless of the type of fats included, were more effective in preventing lung nodules compared to standard Western and low-carbohydrate diets.
The study evaluated the impact of seven different fat-enriched keto diets on the development of lung nodules in mice induced by nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK). They found that a keto diet enriched with fish oil, which is high in omega-3 fatty acids, was particularly effective in preventing lung nodule formation. The increase in specific omega-3 fatty acids in the lungs played a crucial role in reducing nodule formation. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and understand the exact mechanisms of fish oil’s effectiveness in cancer prevention. Other experts suggest that limiting sugars in the diet and shifting the body’s primary energy source from carbohydrates to fats may inhibit cancer cell growth.
The fish oil-enriched keto diet was found to increase ketosis among mice and reduce the formation of lung tumor nodules. Fish oil has also been shown to affect cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines. While promising, there are concerns about the potential effects of the keto diet on cardiovascular health. Despite the benefits observed in cancer prevention, experts recommend thorough evaluation of its effects on cardiovascular health before recommending dietary interventions. More research is needed before keto diets or fish oil can be recommended for cancer prevention in humans.
Experts emphasize the importance of focusing on whole foods and healthy fats, including omega-3s, to reduce cancer risk. Recommendations from the American Cancer Society highlight maintaining a healthy weight, being physically active, and following a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts while limiting processed foods, red meats, and sugary beverages. While the study underscores the potential benefits of keto diets and omega-3 fatty acids in cancer prevention, it is important to consider multiple factors such as lifestyle, genetics, and physical activity when devising cancer prevention strategies. Before making any dietary changes, individuals are advised to consult with a medical doctor or registered dietitian to ensure a balanced and evidence-based approach to cancer prevention.
