Summarize this content to 2000 words in 6 paragraphs in Arabic If demography is destiny, these should be good times for young graduates.\u00a0They began their careers at a time of collapsing fertility, older people leaving the workforce and businesses expanding after the pandemic, leaving employers struggling to hire more workers from a smaller pool.\u00a0The result? More clout to employees, who set the rules from how often they came into the office, to how much they were paid, to whether they wanted to work for a particular firm from several options offered them.In recent months, however, the story has changed. Some chief executives have begun ordering staff back to the office. And graduates from even the best universities have been sending off dozens of job applications, without success.Graduates are trapped by a slowing labour market, companies preferring to rely on the workers they have, and a mismatch between the academic skills they are offering and those that employers \u2014 increasingly keen on technological nous \u2014 are looking for.Joe, who asked not to use his surname, completed a biochemistry degree at the University of Sheffield last summer. He had hoped to get a job in the biotech industry. But, after 40 applications for laboratory assistant or data analyst roles yielded no interviews, he turned his attention to financial services. Another 50 applications later, he has had three face-to-face interviews, though has not landed a job yet. He has not let the hard slog dissuade him. \u201cI\u2019m still determined to keep applying. When you get so many rejections, you just have to suck it up.\u201dJoe\u2019s struggle is shared by many his age. Far from a shortage, there is now a surplus of university graduates chasing each job.\u00a0In 2023-24, the average UK employer received 140 applications per graduate vacancy \u2014 a 59 per cent increase over the previous year, according to the Institute of Student Employers (ISE), a membership organisation of companies and educational institutions.After the \u201csugar rush\u201d of hiring after the pandemic, employers are now consolidating, says Kate Shoesmith, deputy chief executive at the Recruitment & Employment Confederation.\u00a0Particular issues are hitting UK applicants. It is not just that economic growth has been tepid,\u00a0Shoesmith says. The rise in employer national insurance, due to take effect in April, has also made many companies reluctant to hire. A January survey by KPMG and REC found UK demand for staff was at its lowest point since August 2020, with areas such as high-paid professional services and tech, where many graduates are job hunting, worse hit.Matt Burney, senior strategic adviser at jobs site Indeed, says many employers are \u201choarding\u201d staff until the economic outlook becomes clearer, choking off opportunities for new entrants.\u00a0Some in employment are also taking on additional jobs, further limiting openings. At distance learning provider the Open University, where students tend to work alongside their studies, cost-of-living pressures are forcing many to take on second jobs, says Ellen Cocking, OU\u2019s careers and employability services head. \u201cThis will have an impact on younger applicants who will have less experience and are competing with those already working.\u201dRecruiters also report that students and employers are contending with a mismatch between the skills they acquire at university and what employers want.\u00a0Josef Chen, co-founder of Kaikaku, a start-up developing robotics for the restaurant industry, says too many graduates have an overly theoretical education. \u201cI have seen lots of computer science students who graduate but don\u2019t know how to code properly.\u201dZain Ali, chief executive of Centuro Global, which helps companies automate their legal and compliance services, says he and his sister, who is 13 years younger, went to the same school. \u201cWe look at our exercise books. They\u2019re almost identical,\u201d he says. \u201cThe skill sets have changed. The jobs have changed. The education system definitely needs to adapt.\u201dDavid Conway, Northampton University\u2019s head of careers, currently on secondment to the University and College Union, says employer reluctance to offer training can also hold graduates back. \u201cWhen you start a new job you always need that period of time to adapt and learn,\u201d he says. \u201cSometimes employers are not always ready to invest that time.\u201dThere are, however, ways graduates can improve their chances of getting ahead in a crowded market.Indeed\u2019s Burney says employers are looking beyond formal qualifications to qualities like communication, leadership or teamwork. Graduates are often stumped when asked to demonstrate such skills, but Conway pushes them to think about part-time jobs, volunteering or hobbies. Chen says student societies, more established in the UK than continental Europe, are a particular advantage. \u201cActually, you have got those skills. It\u2019s how to present these to employers,\u201d Conway says.School leavers may be considering employability in their course choices. According to early figures from Ucas, the UK\u2019s university application service, applications to engineering courses increased 40 per cent between 2019 and 2025. In the same period applications to history, philosophy and religion courses, and those for teaching and nursing, fell.\u00a0Ali would not dissuade students from studying humanities subjects: before working as a corporate lawyer and launching a tech company he studied history at Nottingham University. \u201cI was passionate about it,\u201d he says. \u201cPlus it gives you critical thinking, you have to evaluate, analyse, present arguments.\u201d\u00a0However he suggests adding practical skills, such as in computing, which students can develop in their own time. Chen would also like to see more hustle and enthusiasm from recruits. He values \u201cself-starters, people who, as kids, have been building things in their respective fields\u2009.\u2009.\u2009.\u2009and have brought that [to us] after they\u2019ve graduated from university.\u201dCommunicating these qualities in an application, however, is not easy. More than 40 per cent of UK 18-year-olds now apply for university, and the increasing use of artificial intelligence-assisted applications may make it harder to stand out from the crowd.\u00a0Estimates from employers who spoke to the FT last summer indicated around half of jobseekers were using AI to apply for jobs, forcing employers to sift through more poor quality applications.Burney says there is nothing wrong with using AI to help craft applications, but urges hopefuls to familiarise themselves with models, and to use more than one to refine responses. \u201cAn AI tool is only as good as the inputs that you give it,\u201d he says. \u201cBeing a jobseeker can feel like a full-time job. The crux should be having a really well-crafted CV\u2009.\u2009.\u2009.\u2009Something that makes you stand out from the crowd.\u201d\u00a0Demographic trends suggest the jobs market will turn in graduates\u2019 favour. Stephen Isherwood, ISE\u2019s chief executive, wrote in its 2024 student recruitment survey that declining birth rates and the increased need for skilled people remained significant challenges.\u00a0\u201cOur view is that employers are currently shielded from these two pressures because of poor economic growth. But once growth returns we expect employers to face significant shortages of available talent. The post-pandemic hiring crisis demonstrated just how quickly labour markets can tighten.\u201dFor graduates emerging into a low-growth environment, however, there is little left to do but keep trying. Shoesmith, of the REC, suggests adopting creative approaches. \u201cKnow the recruiters in the local area that recruit for those roles, figure out the companies that hire, and figure out what the people in jobs you like have in terms of skills, background work experience, [and] education.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Summarize this content to 2000 words in 6 paragraphs in Arabic If demography is destiny, these should be good times for young graduates.\u00a0They began their careers at a time of collapsing fertility, older people leaving the workforce and businesses expanding after the pandemic, leaving employers struggling to hire more workers from a smaller pool.\u00a0The result?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-217485","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-tech"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=217485"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217485\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=217485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=217485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globetimeline.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=217485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}