China’s industrial sector is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, surpassing even the United States in terms of carbon dioxide pollution. With a quarter of annual GHG emissions, China plays a crucial role in global efforts to combat climate change. One solution to reduce emissions from China’s industrial sector is the adoption of heat pumps and thermal batteries.
Research from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Energy Innovation highlights the potential of transitioning industrial heat away from fossil fuels by utilizing clean electricity from renewable sources. By electrifying industrial processes, China can reduce its carbon footprint and ensure sustainable growth without worsening air quality or accelerating climate change.
Heat pumps and thermal batteries are emissions-free technologies that can provide industrial process heating efficiently and cost-effectively when powered by renewable electricity. Industrial heat pumps, capable of reaching up to 165°C, are ideal for producing various goods like food, paper, and textiles. Thermal batteries, on the other hand, can cover a significant portion of China’s industrial heating needs at temperatures up to 1,700°C.
The economic feasibility of industrial heat pumps and thermal batteries is promising, with these technologies proving to be cost-competitive compared to traditional coal-fired boilers and natural gas technologies. As China aims to decarbonize its electricity grid by 2050, electric technologies will become even more attractive in terms of emissions reductions. Additionally, these electric technologies emit less CO2 and conventional pollutants, contributing to both environmental and public health benefits.
Despite the potential benefits of electrifying industrial processes, challenges remain in terms of cost competitiveness with fossil fuels and the commercialization of electric technologies. Policies such as subsidies, carbon pricing, and equipment rebates can incentivize industrial firms to adopt cleaner technologies. Governments can also play a role in promoting cleaner production practices through green public procurement programs, as seen in initiatives like the Buy Clean Initiative in the U.S.
Overall, the transition to electrified industrial technologies presents a significant opportunity for China to reduce emissions, improve air quality, and achieve its climate goals. By leveraging the efficiency and flexibility of heat pumps and thermal batteries, China’s industrial sector can contribute to a more sustainable and healthier future for the country and the planet.
