A recent study conducted by researchers from the UBC Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries has confirmed that orcas, or killer whales, take just one breath between dives. Using drone footage and biological data from tags suction-cupped to 11 northern and southern resident killer whales off the coast of British Columbia, the researchers were able to gather valuable information on the animals’ diving habits. The study, published in PLOS ONE, revealed that killer whales spend most of their time making shallow dives, with the majority of dives lasting less than one minute. The longest dive recorded was 8.5 minutes for an adult male, highlighting their limited endurance compared to other whale species.
By confirming that orcas only take one breath between dives, the researchers were able to calculate how many liters of oxygen adults and juveniles consume per minute. This information is crucial in estimating orca energy expenditure and ultimately determining how many fish the animals need to eat per day. This finding is particularly important for the conservation of the endangered southern resident killer whales, as having sufficient food is crucial for their survival. By understanding the metabolic needs of these animals, researchers can better assess their overall health and well-being.
The study also found that killer whales take an average of 1.2 to 1.3 breaths per minute while resting and 1.5 to 1.8 breaths per minute while traveling or hunting. In comparison, humans typically take about 15 breaths per minute at rest and up to 40 to 60 breaths per minute during exercise. Co-author Dr. Beth Volpov likened the orcas’ breathing patterns to holding one’s breath and running to the grocery store, shopping, and returning home before taking another breath. This emphasizes the incredible breath-holding capabilities of these marine mammals and sheds light on their impressive physiological adaptations for hunting and surviving in their ocean environment.
Understanding the breathing patterns and diving behaviors of killer whales is crucial for their conservation and management. By studying how orcas use oxygen and energy during dives, researchers can gain valuable insights into their dietary requirements and overall health. This information can help inform efforts to protect and conserve these iconic marine predators, especially the critically endangered southern resident killer whales. By gaining a better understanding of their metabolic needs, researchers can develop more effective conservation strategies to ensure the long-term survival of these magnificent animals.
Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the diving behavior and breath-holding capabilities of killer whales. By confirming that orcas take only one breath between dives, researchers have been able to calculate their oxygen consumption and energy expenditure, shedding light on their dietary needs and overall health. Understanding the metabolic requirements of orcas is essential for their conservation, particularly for endangered populations like the southern residents. By continuing to study and monitor these magnificent marine predators, researchers can work towards ensuring their survival and well-being in the face of ongoing threats and challenges in their ocean environment.