The recent election in Somaliland, a breakaway region of Somalia, has drawn attention due to regional tensions and hopes for international recognition after 30 years of self-rule. More than 1 million people were expected to cast their votes at over 2,000 polling stations, with results expected to be announced next week. The incumbent President Muse Bihi Abdi of the Kulmiye Party is seeking a second term, with his rivals also supporting the cause of international recognition for Somaliland. Candidates have highlighted the importance of democratic reforms and social cohesion in their campaigns.
Originally scheduled for 2022, the election was delayed, extending Bihi’s term by two years. Somaliland declared independence in 1991 and has been more stable and peaceful than the rest of Somalia since then. Despite having its own money, passports, and army, Somaliland is not recognized by any country, limiting its access to international finance and travel opportunities for its six million citizens. The government is exploring a controversial deal with Ethiopia that would grant sea access to Addis Ababa in exchange for an assessment of recognition, which has sparked tensions with Somalia.
The deal with Ethiopia has raised concerns in Somalia, with fears of conflict in the region. However, the opposition candidates in Somaliland have not criticized the agreement. The deal has also caused Somalia to align with Ethiopia’s historical rivals, Egypt and Eritrea. Somaliland is hopeful that the incoming Trump administration will reconsider Washington’s recognition of Mogadishu’s sovereignty over Somaliland, as some US Department of State officials have expressed support for recognizing Somaliland.
The election in Somaliland comes at a crucial time, as the region seeks international recognition and navigates regional tensions. The candidates have emphasized the importance of democratic reforms, social cohesion, and national unity in their campaigns. The outcome of the election will be closely watched both regionally and internationally, as Somaliland continues its bid for recognition after three decades of de facto self-rule. The controversial deal with Ethiopia and the incoming administration in the United States add further complexity to the political landscape in the region.
Despite being more stable and peaceful than the rest of Somalia, Somaliland faces challenges due to lack of recognition and limited access to international finance. The government’s efforts to secure a deal with Ethiopia have ruffled feathers in Somalia, highlighting regional tensions. The election results will have far-reaching implications for the future of Somaliland and its quest for international recognition. The incoming Trump administration may also play a significant role in determining the region’s diplomatic status, adding to the uncertainty and anticipation surrounding the election.
