A new study conducted using a mouse model has found that while eating fewer calories may help extend life span, those that lived the longest lost the least amount of weight while on a calorie-restricting diet. Researchers from The Jackson Laboratory and Calico Life Sciences discovered that genetic factors, such as genetically-encoded resilience, may play a larger role in longevity than diet. The study, published in the journal Nature, involved 960 genetically diverse female mice that were assigned to various diets, including caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, and ad libitum feeding.
The researchers aimed to determine whether lifespan-extending interventions like caloric restriction or intermittent fasting would be beneficial for everyone or only for specific individuals. While previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of caloric restriction on life span, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Recent research has also highlighted the importance of timing of feeding in addition to reduced caloric intake. The study found that mice on caloric restriction achieved the longest lifespans, with animals eating 80% and 60% of their baseline calories living an average of 30 and 34 months, respectively.
Interestingly, the study revealed that mice who could eat whenever and whatever they wanted lived an average of 25 months, while those on intermittent fasting diets extended their lifespans to an average of 28 months. Researchers were surprised to find that extreme caloric restriction extended life span significantly without indicating any shortening of life span for the mice involved. Genetic factors were identified as playing a larger role in longevity than diet in the mouse model, with genetically encoded resilience being a key determinant of life span.
In terms of implications for human health, the study’s findings suggest that lower calories or eating less can increase life span without necessarily resulting in weight loss. This counterintuitive result indicates that restricting calories and maintaining weight may be more beneficial for longevity. It is important to note that animal studies may not directly translate to human outcomes, so further research is needed to understand the potential impact of these findings on human health and aging. Genetic factors and genetically encoded resilience were identified as unmodifiable factors in longevity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle to maximize genetic potential.
To improve the aging process and potentially increase life span, individuals can focus on maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and supporting optimal cellular function. Consulting with a registered dietitian nutritionist can help individuals understand their specific nutritional needs and create a personalized plan to support overall health and longevity. By prioritizing nutrient distribution, preventing unhealthy restriction, and avoiding disordered eating patterns, individuals can optimize their diet to promote longevity and overall wellness. Maintaining a healthy balance of nutrients and supporting the body’s self-regulatory mechanisms can contribute to increased life span and overall well-being.
