Ammonia is a commonly used substance in various products such as fertilizers, dyes, and explosives, but its production contributes significantly to carbon emissions. University of Illinois Chicago engineers have developed a new process called lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis that tackles this issue by combining nitrogen gas and a hydrogen-donating fluid with a charged lithium electrode. This method operates at lower temperatures, is regenerative, and meets green targets in terms of energy efficiency and cost. The process is described in a paper published in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, and the researchers have filed a patent for it.
The innovation builds on a known reaction that was previously inefficient in achieving economic feasibility. The team’s modification enhances the selectivity of the reaction, ensuring that unwanted by-products like hydrogen gas are minimized. The resulting ammonia production costs about $450 per ton, which is significantly cheaper than previous methods and aligns with Department of Energy standards for industrial-scale production. The process is modular and can be powered by renewable energy sources, making it even more environmentally friendly.
The lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis could also support the goal of using hydrogen as fuel by providing a safer and cheaper way to transport the gas. Ammonia can be converted back into hydrogen at the destination, making it a valuable carrier for this purpose. The researchers are collaborating with General Ammonia Co. to pilot and scale up the process at a plant in Chicago, with the hope of further advancing green ammonia production. The project has been funded by grants from the same company, and the research team includes experts from UIC and Texas Tech University.
The development of this new process represents a significant step towards cleaner ammonia production and aligns with broader sustainability goals. The team’s successful combination of known chemical reactions and innovative modifications has led to a method that is both efficient and cost-effective. By optimizing the synthesis of ammonia through lithium mediation, the researchers have opened up new possibilities for reducing carbon emissions and promoting renewable energy use. Ultimately, this technology could have far-reaching impacts on both industry and the environment, paving the way for a more sustainable future.
