A healthy 41-year-old man from New Hampshire has died after contracting eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), a rare and serious virus spread by mosquitoes. The man, identified as Steven Perry, tested positive for EEE and was hospitalized with severe central nervous system disease. Despite being healthy with no underlying medical conditions, Perry’s condition deteriorated rapidly, leading to his death one week after being admitted to the hospital. This marks the first human case of EEE in New Hampshire in a decade, with previous cases reported in states such as Massachusetts, Vermont, Wisconsin, and New Jersey.
In 2024, there have been at least five confirmed cases of human EEE infection in the United States, all of which were the more severe neuroinvasive form of the disease. Symptoms of EEE typically manifest two to 10 days after a mosquito bite and may include fever, chills, muscle aches, joint pain, and severe neurologic disease. About 5% of individuals infected with EEE develop swelling of the brain or spinal cord, leading to symptoms such as fever, vomiting, seizures, and coma. Approximately 30% of those affected by EEE will die, while survivors may experience lasting mental and physical complications. Most cases are reported between July and September, with peak activity occurring in August.
As peak mosquito season approaches, health officials are concerned about an increased risk of mosquito-borne diseases like EEE in New England. In response to a recent case of EEE in an elderly man in Massachusetts, several communities are on high alert, implementing measures such as mosquito spraying, voluntary curfews, and nighttime park closures. Additionally, the U.S. has seen a rise in West Nile virus cases, with 289 reported cases across 33 states as of August 27. There is currently no specific treatment or vaccine for EEE, making prevention of mosquito bites crucial in protecting against the virus.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends using EPA-registered insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and limiting outdoor activities during peak mosquito hours to reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases like EEE and West Nile virus. While most people infected with EEE do not develop symptoms, those who do may experience severe complications, highlighting the importance of taking preventive measures to avoid mosquito bites. With the threat of EEE and other mosquito-borne illnesses looming as summer comes to a close, public health officials stress the need for continued vigilance and proactive measures to reduce the spread of these potentially fatal viruses.
